Index: c/router/busybox/docs/BusyBox.html =================================================================== --- /src/router/busybox/docs/BusyBox.html (revision 17636) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,948 +1,0 @@ - - - - -BusyBox - The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux - - - - - - - - -
-

- - - -
- - -

-

-

NAME

-

BusyBox - The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux

-

-

-
-

SYNTAX

-
- busybox <applet> [arguments...]  # or
-
- <applet> [arguments...]          # if symlinked
-

-

-
-

DESCRIPTION

-

BusyBox combines tiny versions of many common UNIX utilities into a single -small executable. It provides minimalist replacements for most of the utilities -you usually find in GNU coreutils, util-linux, etc. The utilities in BusyBox -generally have fewer options than their full-featured GNU cousins; however, the -options that are included provide the expected functionality and behave very -much like their GNU counterparts.

-

BusyBox has been written with size-optimization and limited resources in mind. -It is also extremely modular so you can easily include or exclude commands (or -features) at compile time. This makes it easy to customize your embedded -systems. To create a working system, just add /dev, /etc, and a Linux kernel. -BusyBox provides a fairly complete POSIX environment for any small or embedded -system.

-

BusyBox is extremely configurable. This allows you to include only the -components you need, thereby reducing binary size. Run 'make config' or 'make -menuconfig' to select the functionality that you wish to enable. Then run -'make' to compile BusyBox using your configuration.

-

After the compile has finished, you should use 'make install' to install -BusyBox. This will install the 'bin/busybox' binary, in the target directory -specified by CONFIG_PREFIX. CONFIG_PREFIX can be set when configuring BusyBox, -or you can specify an alternative location at install time (i.e., with a -command line like 'make CONFIG_PREFIX=/tmp/foo install'). If you enabled -any applet installation scheme (either as symlinks or hardlinks), these will -also be installed in the location pointed to by CONFIG_PREFIX.

-

-

-
-

USAGE

-

BusyBox is a multi-call binary. A multi-call binary is an executable program -that performs the same job as more than one utility program. That means there -is just a single BusyBox binary, but that single binary acts like a large -number of utilities. This allows BusyBox to be smaller since all the built-in -utility programs (we call them applets) can share code for many common -operations.

-

You can also invoke BusyBox by issuing a command as an argument on the -command line. For example, entering

-
-        /bin/busybox ls
-

will also cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls'.

-

Of course, adding '/bin/busybox' into every command would be painful. So most -people will invoke BusyBox using links to the BusyBox binary.

-

For example, entering

-
-        ln -s /bin/busybox ls
-        ./ls
-

will cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls' (if the 'ls' command has been compiled -into BusyBox). Generally speaking, you should never need to make all these -links yourself, as the BusyBox build system will do this for you when you run -the 'make install' command.

-

If you invoke BusyBox with no arguments, it will provide you with a list of the -applets that have been compiled into your BusyBox binary.

-

-

-
-

COMMON OPTIONS

-

Most BusyBox applets support the --help argument to provide a terse runtime -description of their behavior. If the CONFIG_FEATURE_VERBOSE_USAGE option has -been enabled, more detailed usage information will also be available.

-

-

-
-

COMMANDS

-

Currently available applets include:

-
-        [, [[, adjtimex, arp, arping, ash, awk, basename, bash, cat, chgrp,
-        chmod, chown, chroot, clear, cmp, cp, cut, date, dc, dd, df,
-        dirname, dmesg, dnsdomainname, du, echo, egrep, env, expr, false,
-        fgrep, find, free, ftpget, ftpput, getopt, grep, gunzip, gzip, halt,
-        hdparm, head, hexdump, hostname, id, ifconfig, ifdown, ifup, insmod,
-        install, kill, killall, klogd, less, ln, logger, login, logread, ls,
-        lsmod, md5sum, mesg, mkdir, mke2fs, mkfifo, mkfs.ext2, more, mount,
-        mv, nameif, nc, netstat, nohup, nslookup, pidof, ping, ping6,
-        pivot_root, poweroff, printf, ps, pwd, reboot, reset, rm, rmdir,
-        rmmod, route, run-parts, rx, sed, sendmail, sh, sleep, sort,
-        strings, stty, sync, syslogd, tail, tar, tee, telnet, telnetd, test,
-        time, top, touch, tr, traceroute, traceroute6, true, tty, umount,
-        uname, uniq, uptime, usleep, uudecode, uuencode, vconfig, vi, watch,
-        wc, wget, which, whoami, xargs, yes, zcat
-

-

-
-

COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS

-
-
adjtimex
- -
-

adjtimex [-q] [-o OFF] [-f FREQ] [-p TCONST] [-t TICK]

-
-
arp
- -
-

arp -
[-vn][-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -a [HOSTNAME] -
[-v] [-i IF] -d HOSTNAME [pub] -
[-v][-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -s HOSTNAME HWADDR [temp] -
[-v][-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -s HOSTNAME HWADDR [netmask MASK] pub -
[-v][-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -Ds HOSTNAME IFACE [netmask MASK] pub

-
-
arping
- -
-

arping [-fqbDUA] [-c CNT] [-w TIMEOUT] [-I IFACE] [-s SRC_IP] DST_IP

-
-
ash
- -
-

ash [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE [ARGS]]

-
-
awk
- -
-

awk [OPTIONS] [AWK_PROGRAM] [FILE]...

-
-
basename
- -
-

basename FILE [SUFFIX]

-
-
bash
- -
-

bash [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE [ARGS]]

-
-
cat
- -
-

cat [FILE]...

-
-
chgrp
- -
-

chgrp [-RhLHP]... GROUP FILE...

-
-
chmod
- -
-

chmod [-R] MODE[,MODE]... FILE...

-
-
chown
- -
-

chown [-RhLHP]... OWNER[<.|:>[GROUP]] FILE...

-
-
chroot
- -
-

chroot NEWROOT [PROG ARGS]

-
-
clear
- -
-

clear

-
-
cmp
- -
-

cmp [-l] [-s] FILE1 [FILE2]

-
-
cp
- -
-

cp [OPTIONS] SOURCE DEST

-
-
cut
- -
-

cut [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

-
-
date
- -
-

date [OPTIONS] [+FMT] [TIME]

-
-
dc
- -
-

dc EXPRESSION...

-
-
dd
- -
-

dd [if=FILE] [of=FILE] [bs=N] [count=N] [skip=N] -
[seek=N]

-
-
df
- -
-

df [-Pkmhai] [-B SIZE] [FILESYSTEM]...

-
-
dirname
- -
-

dirname FILENAME

-
-
dmesg
- -
-

dmesg [-c] [-n LEVEL] [-s SIZE]

-
-
du
- -
-

du [-aHLdclsxhmk] [FILE]...

-
-
echo
- -
-

echo [-neE] [ARG]...

-
-
env
- -
-

env [-iu] [-] [name=value]... [PROG ARGS]

-
-
expr
- -
-

expr EXPRESSION

-
-
false
- -
-

false

-
-
find
- -
-

find [PATH]... [OPTIONS] [ACTIONS]

-
-
free
- -
-

free

-
-
ftpget
- -
-

ftpget [OPTIONS] HOST [LOCAL_FILE] REMOTE_FILE

-
-
ftpput
- -
-

ftpput [OPTIONS] HOST [REMOTE_FILE] LOCAL_FILE

-
-
getopt
- -
-

getopt [OPTIONS]

-
-
grep
- -
-

grep [-HhnlLoqvsriwFE] [-m N] [-A/B/C N] PATTERN/-e PATTERN.../-f FILE [FILE]...

-
-
gunzip
- -
-

gunzip [-cft] [FILE]...

-
-
gzip
- -
-

gzip [-cfd] [FILE]...

-
-
halt
- -
-

halt [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f]

-
-
hdparm
- -
-

hdparm [OPTIONS] [DEVICE]

-
-
head
- -
-

head [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

-
-
hexdump
- -
-

hexdump [-bcCdefnosvx] [FILE]...

-
-
hostname
- -
-

hostname [OPTIONS] [HOSTNAME | -F FILE]

-
-
id
- -
-

id [OPTIONS] [USER]

-
-
ifconfig
- -
-

ifconfig [-a] interface [address]

-
-
ifdown
- -
-

ifdown [-anvf] [-i FILE] IFACE...

-
-
ifup
- -
-

ifup [-anvf] [-i FILE] IFACE...

-
-
insmod
- -
-

insmod [OPTIONS] MODULE [SYMBOL=VALUE]...

-
-
install
- -
-

install [-cdDsp] [-o USER] [-g GRP] [-m MODE] [SOURCE]... DEST

-
-
kill
- -
-

kill [-l] [-SIG] PID...

-
-
killall
- -
-

killall [-l] [-q] [-SIG] PROCESS_NAME...

-
-
klogd
- -
-

klogd [-c N] [-n]

-
-
less
- -
-

less [-EMNmh~I?] [FILE]...

-
-
ln
- -
-

ln [OPTIONS] TARGET... LINK|DIR

-
-
logger
- -
-

logger [OPTIONS] [MESSAGE]

-
-
login
- -
-

login [-p] [-h HOST] [[-f] USER]

-
-
logread
- -
-

logread [-f]

-
-
ls
- -
-

ls [-1AaCxdLHRFplinsehrSXvctu] [-w WIDTH] [FILE]...

-
-
lsmod
- -
-

lsmod

-
-
md5sum
- -
-

md5sum [FILE]...

-
-
mesg
- -
-

mesg [y|n]

-
-
mkdir
- -
-

mkdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY...

-
-
mke2fs
- -
-

mke2fs [-Fn] [-b BLK_SIZE] [-i INODE_RATIO] [-I INODE_SIZE] [-m RESERVED_PERCENT] [-L LABEL] BLOCKDEV [KBYTES]

-
-
mkfifo
- -
-

mkfifo [-m MODE] NAME

-
-
mkfs.ext2
- -
-

mkfs.ext2 [-Fn] [-b BLK_SIZE] [-i INODE_RATIO] [-I INODE_SIZE] [-m RESERVED_PERCENT] [-L LABEL] BLOCKDEV [KBYTES]

-
-
more
- -
-

more [FILE]...

-
-
mount
- -
-

mount [OPTIONS] [-o OPTS] DEVICE NODE

-
-
mv
- -
-

mv [-fin] SOURCE DEST -or: mv [-fin] SOURCE... DIRECTORY

-
-
nameif
- -
-

nameif [-s] [-c FILE] [IFNAME HWADDR]...

-
-
nc
- -
-

nc [-iN] [-wN] [-l] [-p PORT] [-f FILE|IPADDR PORT] [-e PROG]

-
-
netstat
- -
-

netstat [-ral] [-tuwx] [-en]

-
-
nohup
- -
-

nohup PROG ARGS

-
-
nslookup
- -
-

nslookup [HOST] [SERVER]

-
-
pidof
- -
-

pidof [OPTIONS] [NAME]...

-
-
ping
- -
-

ping [OPTIONS] HOST

-
-
ping6
- -
-

ping6 [OPTIONS] HOST

-
-
pivot_root
- -
-

pivot_root NEW_ROOT PUT_OLD

-
-
poweroff
- -
-

poweroff [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f]

-
-
printf
- -
-

printf FORMAT [ARGUMENT]...

-
-
ps
- -
-

ps

-
-
pwd
- -
-

pwd

-
-
reboot
- -
-

reboot [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f]

-
-
reset
- -
-

reset

-
-
rm
- -
-

rm [-irf] FILE...

-
-
rmdir
- -
-

rmdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY...

-
-
rmmod
- -
-

rmmod [-wfa] [MODULE]...

-
-
route
- -
-

route [{add|del|delete}]

-
-
run-parts
- -
-

run-parts [-t] [-a ARG] [-u MASK] DIRECTORY

-
-
rx
- -
-

rx FILE

-
-
sed
- -
-

sed [-efinr] SED_CMD [FILE]...

-
-
sendmail
- -
-

sendmail [OPTIONS] [RECIPIENT_EMAIL]...

-
-
sh
- -
-

sh [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE [ARGS]]

-
-
sleep
- -
-

sleep [N]...

-
-
sort
- -
-

sort [-nrugMcszbdfimSTokt] [-o FILE] [-k start[.offset][opts][,end[.offset][opts]] [-t CHAR] [FILE]...

-
-
strings
- -
-

strings [-afo] [-n LEN] [FILE]...

-
-
stty
- -
-

stty [-a|g] [-F DEVICE] [SETTING]...

-
-
sync
- -
-

sync

-
-
syslogd
- -
-

syslogd [OPTIONS]

-
-
tail
- -
-

tail [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

-
-
tar
- -
-

tar -[cxtzhvO] [-f TARFILE] [-C DIR] [FILE]...

-
-
tee
- -
-

tee [-ai] [FILE]...

-
-
telnet
- -
-

telnet [-a] [-l USER] HOST [PORT]

-
-
telnetd
- -
-

telnetd [OPTIONS]

-
-
test
- -
-

test EXPRESSION ]

-
-
time
- -
-

time [-v] PROG ARGS

-
-
top
- -
-

top [-b] [-nCOUNT] [-dSECONDS] [-m]

-
-
touch
- -
-

touch [-c] FILE [FILE]...

-
-
tr
- -
-

tr [-cds] STRING1 [STRING2]

-
-
traceroute
- -
-

traceroute [-46FIldnrv] [-f 1ST_TTL] [-m MAXTTL] [-p PORT] [-q PROBES] -
[-s SRC_IP] [-t TOS] [-w WAIT_SEC] [-g GATEWAY] [-i IFACE] -
[-z PAUSE_MSEC] HOST [BYTES]

-
-
traceroute6
- -
-

traceroute6 [-dnrv] [-m MAXTTL] [-p PORT] [-q PROBES] -
[-s SRC_IP] [-t TOS] [-w WAIT_SEC] [-i IFACE] -
HOST [BYTES]

-
-
true
- -
-

true

-
-
tty
- -
-

tty

-
-
umount
- -
-

umount [OPTIONS] FILESYSTEM|DIRECTORY

-
-
uname
- -
-

uname [-amnrspv]

-
-
uniq
- -
-

uniq [-cdu][-f,s,w N] [INPUT [OUTPUT]]

-
-
uptime
- -
-

uptime

-
-
usleep
- -
-

usleep N

-
-
uudecode
- -
-

uudecode [-o OUTFILE] [INFILE]

-
-
uuencode
- -
-

uuencode [-m] [INFILE] STORED_FILENAME

-
-
vconfig
- -
-

vconfig COMMAND [OPTIONS]

-
-
vi
- -
-

vi [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

-
-
watch
- -
-

watch [-n SEC] [-t] PROG ARGS

-
-
wc
- -
-

wc [-clwL] [FILE]...

-
-
wget
- -
-

wget [-csq] [-O FILE] [-Y on/off] [-P DIR] [-U AGENT] URL...

-
-
which
- -
-

which [COMMAND]...

-
-
whoami
- -
-

whoami

-
-
xargs
- -
-

xargs [OPTIONS] [PROG ARGS]

-
-
yes
- -
-

yes [STRING]

-
-
zcat
- -
-

zcat FILE

-
-
-

-

-
-

LIBC NSS

-

GNU Libc (glibc) uses the Name Service Switch (NSS) to configure the behavior -of the C library for the local environment, and to configure how it reads -system data, such as passwords and group information. This is implemented -using an /etc/nsswitch.conf configuration file, and using one or more of the -/lib/libnss_* libraries. BusyBox tries to avoid using any libc calls that make -use of NSS. Some applets however, such as login and su, will use libc functions -that require NSS.

-

If you enable CONFIG_USE_BB_PWD_GRP, BusyBox will use internal functions to -directly access the /etc/passwd, /etc/group, and /etc/shadow files without -using NSS. This may allow you to run your system without the need for -installing any of the NSS configuration files and libraries.

-

When used with glibc, the BusyBox 'networking' applets will similarly require -that you install at least some of the glibc NSS stuff (in particular, -/etc/nsswitch.conf, /lib/libnss_dns*, /lib/libnss_files*, and /lib/libresolv*).

-

Shameless Plug: As an alternative, one could use a C library such as uClibc. In -addition to making your system significantly smaller, uClibc does not require the -use of any NSS support files or libraries.

-

-

-
-

MAINTAINER

-

Denis Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>

-

-

-
-

AUTHORS

-

The following people have contributed code to BusyBox whether they know it or -not. If you have written code included in BusyBox, you should probably be -listed here so you can obtain your bit of eternal glory. If you should be -listed here, or the description of what you have done needs more detail, or is -incorrect, please send in an update.

-

Emanuele Aina <emanuele.aina@tiscali.it> - run-parts

-

Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>

-
-    Tons of new stuff, major rewrite of most of the
-    core apps, tons of new apps as noted in header files.
-    Lots of tedious effort writing these boring docs that
-    nobody is going to actually read.
-

Laurence Anderson <l.d.anderson@warwick.ac.uk>

-
-    rpm2cpio, unzip, get_header_cpio, read_gz interface, rpm
-

Jeff Angielski <jeff@theptrgroup.com>

-
-    ftpput, ftpget
-

Edward Betts <edward@debian.org>

-
-    expr, hostid, logname, whoami
-

John Beppu <beppu@codepoet.org>

-
-    du, nslookup, sort
-

Brian Candler <B.Candler@pobox.com>

-
-    tiny-ls(ls)
-

Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>

-
-    fbset, ping, hostname
-

Dave Cinege <dcinege@psychosis.com>

-
-    more(v2), makedevs, dutmp, modularization, auto links file,
-    various fixes, Linux Router Project maintenance
-

Jordan Crouse <jordan@cosmicpenguin.net>

-
-    ipcalc
-

Magnus Damm <damm@opensource.se>

-
-    tftp client insmod powerpc support
-

Larry Doolittle <ldoolitt@recycle.lbl.gov>

-
-    pristine source directory compilation, lots of patches and fixes.
-

Glenn Engel <glenne@engel.org>

-
-    httpd
-

Gennady Feldman <gfeldman@gena01.com>

-
-    Sysklogd (single threaded syslogd, IPC Circular buffer support,
-    logread), various fixes.
-

Karl M. Hegbloom <karlheg@debian.org>

-
-    cp_mv.c, the test suite, various fixes to utility.c, &c.
-

Daniel Jacobowitz <dan@debian.org>

-
-    mktemp.c
-

Matt Kraai <kraai@alumni.cmu.edu>

-
-    documentation, bugfixes, test suite
-

Stephan Linz <linz@li-pro.net>

-
-    ipcalc, Red Hat equivalence
-

John Lombardo <john@deltanet.com>

-
-    tr
-

Glenn McGrath <bug1@iinet.net.au>

-
-    Common unarchiving code and unarchiving applets, ifupdown, ftpgetput,
-    nameif, sed, patch, fold, install, uudecode.
-    Various bugfixes, review and apply numerous patches.
-

Manuel Novoa III <mjn3@codepoet.org>

-
-    cat, head, mkfifo, mknod, rmdir, sleep, tee, tty, uniq, usleep, wc, yes,
-    mesg, vconfig, make_directory, parse_mode, dirname, mode_string,
-    get_last_path_component, simplify_path, and a number trivial libbb routines
-
-    also bug fixes, partial rewrites, and size optimizations in
-    ash, basename, cal, cmp, cp, df, du, echo, env, ln, logname, md5sum, mkdir,
-    mv, realpath, rm, sort, tail, touch, uname, watch, arith, human_readable,
-    interface, dutmp, ifconfig, route
-

Vladimir Oleynik <dzo@simtreas.ru>

-
-    cmdedit; xargs(current), httpd(current);
-    ports: ash, crond, fdisk, inetd, stty, traceroute, top;
-    locale, various fixes
-    and irreconcilable critic of everything not perfect.
-

Bruce Perens <bruce@pixar.com>

-
-    Original author of BusyBox in 1995, 1996. Some of his code can
-    still be found hiding here and there...
-

Tim Riker <Tim@Rikers.org>

-
-    bug fixes, member of fan club
-

Kent Robotti <robotti@metconnect.com>

-
-    reset, tons and tons of bug reports and patches.
-

Chip Rosenthal <chip@unicom.com>, <crosenth@covad.com>

-
-    wget - Contributed by permission of Covad Communications
-

Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>

-
-    Lots of bugs fixes and patches.
-

Gyepi Sam <gyepi@praxis-sw.com>

-
-    Remote logging feature for syslogd
-

Linus Torvalds <torvalds@transmeta.com>

-
-    mkswap, fsck.minix, mkfs.minix
-

Mark Whitley <markw@codepoet.org>

-
-    grep, sed, cut, xargs(previous),
-    style-guide, new-applet-HOWTO, bug fixes, etc.
-

Charles P. Wright <cpwright@villagenet.com>

-
-    gzip, mini-netcat(nc)
-

Enrique Zanardi <ezanardi@ull.es>

-
-    tarcat (since removed), loadkmap, various fixes, Debian maintenance
-

Tito Ragusa <farmatito@tiscali.it>

-
-    devfsd and size optimizations in strings, openvt and deallocvt.
-

Paul Fox <pgf@foxharp.boston.ma.us>

-
-    vi editing mode for ash, various other patches/fixes
-

Roberto A. Foglietta <me@roberto.foglietta.name>

-
-    port: dnsd
-

Bernhard Reutner-Fischer <rep.dot.nop@gmail.com>

-
-    misc
-

Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>

-
-    initial e2fsprogs, printenv, setarch, sum, misc
-

Jie Zhang <jie.zhang@analog.com>

-
-    fixed two bugs in msh and hush (exitcode of killed processes)
- - - - Index: c/router/busybox/docs/BusyBox.txt =================================================================== --- /src/router/busybox/docs/BusyBox.txt (revision 17636) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,656 +1,0 @@ -NAME - BusyBox - The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux - -SYNTAX - busybox [arguments...] # or - - [arguments...] # if symlinked - -DESCRIPTION - BusyBox combines tiny versions of many common UNIX utilities into a - single small executable. It provides minimalist replacements for most of - the utilities you usually find in GNU coreutils, util-linux, etc. The - utilities in BusyBox generally have fewer options than their - full-featured GNU cousins; however, the options that are included - provide the expected functionality and behave very much like their GNU - counterparts. - - BusyBox has been written with size-optimization and limited resources in - mind. It is also extremely modular so you can easily include or exclude - commands (or features) at compile time. This makes it easy to customize - your embedded systems. To create a working system, just add /dev, /etc, - and a Linux kernel. BusyBox provides a fairly complete POSIX environment - for any small or embedded system. - - BusyBox is extremely configurable. This allows you to include only the - components you need, thereby reducing binary size. Run 'make config' or - 'make menuconfig' to select the functionality that you wish to enable. - Then run 'make' to compile BusyBox using your configuration. - - After the compile has finished, you should use 'make install' to install - BusyBox. This will install the 'bin/busybox' binary, in the target - directory specified by CONFIG_PREFIX. CONFIG_PREFIX can be set when - configuring BusyBox, or you can specify an alternative location at - install time (i.e., with a command line like 'make - CONFIG_PREFIX=/tmp/foo install'). If you enabled any applet installation - scheme (either as symlinks or hardlinks), these will also be installed - in the location pointed to by CONFIG_PREFIX. - -USAGE - BusyBox is a multi-call binary. A multi-call binary is an executable - program that performs the same job as more than one utility program. - That means there is just a single BusyBox binary, but that single binary - acts like a large number of utilities. This allows BusyBox to be smaller - since all the built-in utility programs (we call them applets) can share - code for many common operations. - - You can also invoke BusyBox by issuing a command as an argument on the - command line. For example, entering - - /bin/busybox ls - - will also cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls'. - - Of course, adding '/bin/busybox' into every command would be painful. So - most people will invoke BusyBox using links to the BusyBox binary. - - For example, entering - - ln -s /bin/busybox ls - ./ls - - will cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls' (if the 'ls' command has been - compiled into BusyBox). Generally speaking, you should never need to - make all these links yourself, as the BusyBox build system will do this - for you when you run the 'make install' command. - - If you invoke BusyBox with no arguments, it will provide you with a list - of the applets that have been compiled into your BusyBox binary. - -COMMON OPTIONS - Most BusyBox applets support the --help argument to provide a terse - runtime description of their behavior. If the - CONFIG_FEATURE_VERBOSE_USAGE option has been enabled, more detailed - usage information will also be available. - -COMMANDS - Currently available applets include: - - [, [[, adjtimex, arp, arping, ash, awk, basename, bash, cat, chgrp, - chmod, chown, chroot, clear, cmp, cp, cut, date, dc, dd, df, - dirname, dmesg, dnsdomainname, du, echo, egrep, env, expr, false, - fgrep, find, free, ftpget, ftpput, getopt, grep, gunzip, gzip, halt, - hdparm, head, hexdump, hostname, id, ifconfig, ifdown, ifup, insmod, - install, kill, killall, klogd, less, ln, logger, login, logread, ls, - lsmod, md5sum, mesg, mkdir, mke2fs, mkfifo, mkfs.ext2, more, mount, - mv, nameif, nc, netstat, nohup, nslookup, pidof, ping, ping6, - pivot_root, poweroff, printf, ps, pwd, reboot, reset, rm, rmdir, - rmmod, route, run-parts, rx, sed, sendmail, sh, sleep, sort, - strings, stty, sync, syslogd, tail, tar, tee, telnet, telnetd, test, - time, top, touch, tr, traceroute, traceroute6, true, tty, umount, - uname, uniq, uptime, usleep, uudecode, uuencode, vconfig, vi, watch, - wc, wget, which, whoami, xargs, yes, zcat - -COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS - adjtimex - adjtimex [-q] [-o OFF] [-f FREQ] [-p TCONST] [-t TICK] - - arp arp [-vn] [-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -a [HOSTNAME] [-v] [-i IF] -d HOSTNAME - [pub] [-v] [-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -s HOSTNAME HWADDR [temp] [-v] [-H - HWTYPE] [-i IF] -s HOSTNAME HWADDR [netmask MASK] pub [-v] [-H - HWTYPE] [-i IF] -Ds HOSTNAME IFACE [netmask MASK] pub - - arping - arping [-fqbDUA] [-c CNT] [-w TIMEOUT] [-I IFACE] [-s SRC_IP] DST_IP - - ash ash [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE - [ARGS]] - - awk awk [OPTIONS] [AWK_PROGRAM] [FILE]... - - basename - basename FILE [SUFFIX] - - bash - bash [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE - [ARGS]] - - cat cat [FILE]... - - chgrp - chgrp [-RhLHP]... GROUP FILE... - - chmod - chmod [-R] MODE[,MODE]... FILE... - - chown - chown [-RhLHP]... OWNER[<.|:>[GROUP]] FILE... - - chroot - chroot NEWROOT [PROG ARGS] - - clear - clear - - cmp cmp [-l] [-s] FILE1 [FILE2] - - cp cp [OPTIONS] SOURCE DEST - - cut cut [OPTIONS] [FILE]... - - date - date [OPTIONS] [+FMT] [TIME] - - dc dc EXPRESSION... - - dd dd [if=FILE] [of=FILE] [bs=N] [count=N] [skip=N] [seek=N] - - df df [-Pkmhai] [-B SIZE] [FILESYSTEM]... - - dirname - dirname FILENAME - - dmesg - dmesg [-c] [-n LEVEL] [-s SIZE] - - du du [-aHLdclsxhmk] [FILE]... - - echo - echo [-neE] [ARG]... - - env env [-iu] [-] [name=value]... [PROG ARGS] - - expr - expr EXPRESSION - - false - false - - find - find [PATH]... [OPTIONS] [ACTIONS] - - free - free - - ftpget - ftpget [OPTIONS] HOST [LOCAL_FILE] REMOTE_FILE - - ftpput - ftpput [OPTIONS] HOST [REMOTE_FILE] LOCAL_FILE - - getopt - getopt [OPTIONS] - - grep - grep [-HhnlLoqvsriwFE] [-m N] [-A/B/C N] PATTERN/-e PATTERN.../-f - FILE [FILE]... - - gunzip - gunzip [-cft] [FILE]... - - gzip - gzip [-cfd] [FILE]... - - halt - halt [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f] - - hdparm - hdparm [OPTIONS] [DEVICE] - - head - head [OPTIONS] [FILE]... - - hexdump - hexdump [-bcCdefnosvx] [FILE]... - - hostname - hostname [OPTIONS] [HOSTNAME | -F FILE] - - id id [OPTIONS] [USER] - - ifconfig - ifconfig [-a] interface [address] - - ifdown - ifdown [-anvf] [-i FILE] IFACE... - - ifup - ifup [-anvf] [-i FILE] IFACE... - - insmod - insmod [OPTIONS] MODULE [SYMBOL=VALUE]... - - install - install [-cdDsp] [-o USER] [-g GRP] [-m MODE] [SOURCE]... DEST - - kill - kill [-l] [-SIG] PID... - - killall - killall [-l] [-q] [-SIG] PROCESS_NAME... - - klogd - klogd [-c N] [-n] - - less - less [-EMNmh~I?] [FILE]... - - ln ln [OPTIONS] TARGET... LINK|DIR - - logger - logger [OPTIONS] [MESSAGE] - - login - login [-p] [-h HOST] [[-f] USER] - - logread - logread [-f] - - ls ls [-1AaCxdLHRFplinsehrSXvctu] [-w WIDTH] [FILE]... - - lsmod - lsmod - - md5sum - md5sum [FILE]... - - mesg - mesg [y|n] - - mkdir - mkdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY... - - mke2fs - mke2fs [-Fn] [-b BLK_SIZE] [-i INODE_RATIO] [-I INODE_SIZE] [-m - RESERVED_PERCENT] [-L LABEL] BLOCKDEV [KBYTES] - - mkfifo - mkfifo [-m MODE] NAME - - mkfs.ext2 - mkfs.ext2 [-Fn] [-b BLK_SIZE] [-i INODE_RATIO] [-I INODE_SIZE] [-m - RESERVED_PERCENT] [-L LABEL] BLOCKDEV [KBYTES] - - more - more [FILE]... - - mount - mount [OPTIONS] [-o OPTS] DEVICE NODE - - mv mv [-fin] SOURCE DEST or: mv [-fin] SOURCE... DIRECTORY - - nameif - nameif [-s] [-c FILE] [IFNAME HWADDR]... - - nc nc [-iN] [-wN] [-l] [-p PORT] [-f FILE|IPADDR PORT] [-e PROG] - - netstat - netstat [-ral] [-tuwx] [-en] - - nohup - nohup PROG ARGS - - nslookup - nslookup [HOST] [SERVER] - - pidof - pidof [OPTIONS] [NAME]... - - ping - ping [OPTIONS] HOST - - ping6 - ping6 [OPTIONS] HOST - - pivot_root - pivot_root NEW_ROOT PUT_OLD - - poweroff - poweroff [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f] - - printf - printf FORMAT [ARGUMENT]... - - ps ps - - pwd pwd - - reboot - reboot [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f] - - reset - reset - - rm rm [-irf] FILE... - - rmdir - rmdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY... - - rmmod - rmmod [-wfa] [MODULE]... - - route - route [{add|del|delete}] - - run-parts - run-parts [-t] [-a ARG] [-u MASK] DIRECTORY - - rx rx FILE - - sed sed [-efinr] SED_CMD [FILE]... - - sendmail - sendmail [OPTIONS] [RECIPIENT_EMAIL]... - - sh sh [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE - [ARGS]] - - sleep - sleep [N]... - - sort - sort [-nrugMcszbdfimSTokt] [-o FILE] [-k - start[.offset][opts][,end[.offset][opts]] [-t CHAR] [FILE]... - - strings - strings [-afo] [-n LEN] [FILE]... - - stty - stty [-a|g] [-F DEVICE] [SETTING]... - - sync - sync - - syslogd - syslogd [OPTIONS] - - tail - tail [OPTIONS] [FILE]... - - tar tar -[cxtzhvO] [-f TARFILE] [-C DIR] [FILE]... - - tee tee [-ai] [FILE]... - - telnet - telnet [-a] [-l USER] HOST [PORT] - - telnetd - telnetd [OPTIONS] - - test - test EXPRESSION ] - - time - time [-v] PROG ARGS - - top top [-b] [-nCOUNT] [-dSECONDS] [-m] - - touch - touch [-c] FILE [FILE]... - - tr tr [-cds] STRING1 [STRING2] - - traceroute - traceroute [-46FIldnrv] [-f 1ST_TTL] [-m MAXTTL] [-p PORT] [-q - PROBES] [-s SRC_IP] [-t TOS] [-w WAIT_SEC] [-g GATEWAY] [-i IFACE] - [-z PAUSE_MSEC] HOST [BYTES] - - traceroute6 - traceroute6 [-dnrv] [-m MAXTTL] [-p PORT] [-q PROBES] [-s SRC_IP] - [-t TOS] [-w WAIT_SEC] [-i IFACE] HOST [BYTES] - - true - true - - tty tty - - umount - umount [OPTIONS] FILESYSTEM|DIRECTORY - - uname - uname [-amnrspv] - - uniq - uniq [-cdu][-f,s,w N] [INPUT [OUTPUT]] - - uptime - uptime - - usleep - usleep N - - uudecode - uudecode [-o OUTFILE] [INFILE] - - uuencode - uuencode [-m] [INFILE] STORED_FILENAME - - vconfig - vconfig COMMAND [OPTIONS] - - vi vi [OPTIONS] [FILE]... - - watch - watch [-n SEC] [-t] PROG ARGS - - wc wc [-clwL] [FILE]... - - wget - wget [-csq] [-O FILE] [-Y on/off] [-P DIR] [-U AGENT] URL... - - which - which [COMMAND]... - - whoami - whoami - - xargs - xargs [OPTIONS] [PROG ARGS] - - yes yes [STRING] - - zcat - zcat FILE - -LIBC NSS - GNU Libc (glibc) uses the Name Service Switch (NSS) to configure the - behavior of the C library for the local environment, and to configure - how it reads system data, such as passwords and group information. This - is implemented using an /etc/nsswitch.conf configuration file, and using - one or more of the /lib/libnss_* libraries. BusyBox tries to avoid using - any libc calls that make use of NSS. Some applets however, such as login - and su, will use libc functions that require NSS. - - If you enable CONFIG_USE_BB_PWD_GRP, BusyBox will use internal functions - to directly access the /etc/passwd, /etc/group, and /etc/shadow files - without using NSS. This may allow you to run your system without the - need for installing any of the NSS configuration files and libraries. - - When used with glibc, the BusyBox 'networking' applets will similarly - require that you install at least some of the glibc NSS stuff (in - particular, /etc/nsswitch.conf, /lib/libnss_dns*, /lib/libnss_files*, - and /lib/libresolv*). - - Shameless Plug: As an alternative, one could use a C library such as - uClibc. In addition to making your system significantly smaller, uClibc - does not require the use of any NSS support files or libraries. - -MAINTAINER - Denis Vlasenko - -AUTHORS - The following people have contributed code to BusyBox whether they know - it or not. If you have written code included in BusyBox, you should - probably be listed here so you can obtain your bit of eternal glory. If - you should be listed here, or the description of what you have done - needs more detail, or is incorrect, please send in an update. - - Emanuele Aina run-parts - - Erik Andersen - - Tons of new stuff, major rewrite of most of the - core apps, tons of new apps as noted in header files. - Lots of tedious effort writing these boring docs that - nobody is going to actually read. - - Laurence Anderson - - rpm2cpio, unzip, get_header_cpio, read_gz interface, rpm - - Jeff Angielski - - ftpput, ftpget - - Edward Betts - - expr, hostid, logname, whoami - - John Beppu - - du, nslookup, sort - - Brian Candler - - tiny-ls(ls) - - Randolph Chung - - fbset, ping, hostname - - Dave Cinege - - more(v2), makedevs, dutmp, modularization, auto links file, - various fixes, Linux Router Project maintenance - - Jordan Crouse - - ipcalc - - Magnus Damm - - tftp client insmod powerpc support - - Larry Doolittle - - pristine source directory compilation, lots of patches and fixes. - - Glenn Engel - - httpd - - Gennady Feldman - - Sysklogd (single threaded syslogd, IPC Circular buffer support, - logread), various fixes. - - Karl M. Hegbloom - - cp_mv.c, the test suite, various fixes to utility.c, &c. - - Daniel Jacobowitz - - mktemp.c - - Matt Kraai - - documentation, bugfixes, test suite - - Stephan Linz - - ipcalc, Red Hat equivalence - - John Lombardo - - tr - - Glenn McGrath - - Common unarchiving code and unarchiving applets, ifupdown, ftpgetput, - nameif, sed, patch, fold, install, uudecode. - Various bugfixes, review and apply numerous patches. - - Manuel Novoa III - - cat, head, mkfifo, mknod, rmdir, sleep, tee, tty, uniq, usleep, wc, yes, - mesg, vconfig, make_directory, parse_mode, dirname, mode_string, - get_last_path_component, simplify_path, and a number trivial libbb routines - - also bug fixes, partial rewrites, and size optimizations in - ash, basename, cal, cmp, cp, df, du, echo, env, ln, logname, md5sum, mkdir, - mv, realpath, rm, sort, tail, touch, uname, watch, arith, human_readable, - interface, dutmp, ifconfig, route - - Vladimir Oleynik - - cmdedit; xargs(current), httpd(current); - ports: ash, crond, fdisk, inetd, stty, traceroute, top; - locale, various fixes - and irreconcilable critic of everything not perfect. - - Bruce Perens - - Original author of BusyBox in 1995, 1996. Some of his code can - still be found hiding here and there... - - Tim Riker - - bug fixes, member of fan club - - Kent Robotti - - reset, tons and tons of bug reports and patches. - - Chip Rosenthal , - - wget - Contributed by permission of Covad Communications - - Pavel Roskin - - Lots of bugs fixes and patches. - - Gyepi Sam - - Remote logging feature for syslogd - - Linus Torvalds - - mkswap, fsck.minix, mkfs.minix - - Mark Whitley - - grep, sed, cut, xargs(previous), - style-guide, new-applet-HOWTO, bug fixes, etc. - - Charles P. Wright - - gzip, mini-netcat(nc) - - Enrique Zanardi - - tarcat (since removed), loadkmap, various fixes, Debian maintenance - - Tito Ragusa - - devfsd and size optimizations in strings, openvt and deallocvt. - - Paul Fox - - vi editing mode for ash, various other patches/fixes - - Roberto A. Foglietta - - port: dnsd - - Bernhard Reutner-Fischer - - misc - - Mike Frysinger - - initial e2fsprogs, printenv, setarch, sum, misc - - Jie Zhang - - fixed two bugs in msh and hush (exitcode of killed processes) - Index: c/router/busybox/docs/busybox.net/BusyBox.html =================================================================== --- /src/router/busybox/docs/busybox.net/BusyBox.html (revision 17636) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,948 +1,0 @@ - - - - -BusyBox - The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux - - - - - - - - -
-

- - - -
- - -

-

-

NAME

-

BusyBox - The Swiss Army Knife of Embedded Linux

-

-

-
-

SYNTAX

-
- busybox <applet> [arguments...]  # or
-
- <applet> [arguments...]          # if symlinked
-

-

-
-

DESCRIPTION

-

BusyBox combines tiny versions of many common UNIX utilities into a single -small executable. It provides minimalist replacements for most of the utilities -you usually find in GNU coreutils, util-linux, etc. The utilities in BusyBox -generally have fewer options than their full-featured GNU cousins; however, the -options that are included provide the expected functionality and behave very -much like their GNU counterparts.

-

BusyBox has been written with size-optimization and limited resources in mind. -It is also extremely modular so you can easily include or exclude commands (or -features) at compile time. This makes it easy to customize your embedded -systems. To create a working system, just add /dev, /etc, and a Linux kernel. -BusyBox provides a fairly complete POSIX environment for any small or embedded -system.

-

BusyBox is extremely configurable. This allows you to include only the -components you need, thereby reducing binary size. Run 'make config' or 'make -menuconfig' to select the functionality that you wish to enable. Then run -'make' to compile BusyBox using your configuration.

-

After the compile has finished, you should use 'make install' to install -BusyBox. This will install the 'bin/busybox' binary, in the target directory -specified by CONFIG_PREFIX. CONFIG_PREFIX can be set when configuring BusyBox, -or you can specify an alternative location at install time (i.e., with a -command line like 'make CONFIG_PREFIX=/tmp/foo install'). If you enabled -any applet installation scheme (either as symlinks or hardlinks), these will -also be installed in the location pointed to by CONFIG_PREFIX.

-

-

-
-

USAGE

-

BusyBox is a multi-call binary. A multi-call binary is an executable program -that performs the same job as more than one utility program. That means there -is just a single BusyBox binary, but that single binary acts like a large -number of utilities. This allows BusyBox to be smaller since all the built-in -utility programs (we call them applets) can share code for many common -operations.

-

You can also invoke BusyBox by issuing a command as an argument on the -command line. For example, entering

-
-        /bin/busybox ls
-

will also cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls'.

-

Of course, adding '/bin/busybox' into every command would be painful. So most -people will invoke BusyBox using links to the BusyBox binary.

-

For example, entering

-
-        ln -s /bin/busybox ls
-        ./ls
-

will cause BusyBox to behave as 'ls' (if the 'ls' command has been compiled -into BusyBox). Generally speaking, you should never need to make all these -links yourself, as the BusyBox build system will do this for you when you run -the 'make install' command.

-

If you invoke BusyBox with no arguments, it will provide you with a list of the -applets that have been compiled into your BusyBox binary.

-

-

-
-

COMMON OPTIONS

-

Most BusyBox applets support the --help argument to provide a terse runtime -description of their behavior. If the CONFIG_FEATURE_VERBOSE_USAGE option has -been enabled, more detailed usage information will also be available.

-

-

-
-

COMMANDS

-

Currently available applets include:

-
-        [, [[, adjtimex, arp, arping, ash, awk, basename, bash, cat, chgrp,
-        chmod, chown, chroot, clear, cmp, cp, cut, date, dc, dd, df,
-        dirname, dmesg, dnsdomainname, du, echo, egrep, env, expr, false,
-        fgrep, find, free, ftpget, ftpput, getopt, grep, gunzip, gzip, halt,
-        hdparm, head, hexdump, hostname, id, ifconfig, ifdown, ifup, insmod,
-        install, kill, killall, klogd, less, ln, logger, login, logread, ls,
-        lsmod, md5sum, mesg, mkdir, mke2fs, mkfifo, mkfs.ext2, more, mount,
-        mv, nameif, nc, netstat, nohup, nslookup, pidof, ping, ping6,
-        pivot_root, poweroff, printf, ps, pwd, reboot, reset, rm, rmdir,
-        rmmod, route, run-parts, rx, sed, sendmail, sh, sleep, sort,
-        strings, stty, sync, syslogd, tail, tar, tee, telnet, telnetd, test,
-        time, top, touch, tr, traceroute, traceroute6, true, tty, umount,
-        uname, uniq, uptime, usleep, uudecode, uuencode, vconfig, vi, watch,
-        wc, wget, which, whoami, xargs, yes, zcat
-

-

-
-

COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS

-
-
adjtimex
- -
-

adjtimex [-q] [-o OFF] [-f FREQ] [-p TCONST] [-t TICK]

-
-
arp
- -
-

arp -
[-vn][-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -a [HOSTNAME] -
[-v] [-i IF] -d HOSTNAME [pub] -
[-v][-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -s HOSTNAME HWADDR [temp] -
[-v][-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -s HOSTNAME HWADDR [netmask MASK] pub -
[-v][-H HWTYPE] [-i IF] -Ds HOSTNAME IFACE [netmask MASK] pub

-
-
arping
- -
-

arping [-fqbDUA] [-c CNT] [-w TIMEOUT] [-I IFACE] [-s SRC_IP] DST_IP

-
-
ash
- -
-

ash [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE [ARGS]]

-
-
awk
- -
-

awk [OPTIONS] [AWK_PROGRAM] [FILE]...

-
-
basename
- -
-

basename FILE [SUFFIX]

-
-
bash
- -
-

bash [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE [ARGS]]

-
-
cat
- -
-

cat [FILE]...

-
-
chgrp
- -
-

chgrp [-RhLHP]... GROUP FILE...

-
-
chmod
- -
-

chmod [-R] MODE[,MODE]... FILE...

-
-
chown
- -
-

chown [-RhLHP]... OWNER[<.|:>[GROUP]] FILE...

-
-
chroot
- -
-

chroot NEWROOT [PROG ARGS]

-
-
clear
- -
-

clear

-
-
cmp
- -
-

cmp [-l] [-s] FILE1 [FILE2]

-
-
cp
- -
-

cp [OPTIONS] SOURCE DEST

-
-
cut
- -
-

cut [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

-
-
date
- -
-

date [OPTIONS] [+FMT] [TIME]

-
-
dc
- -
-

dc EXPRESSION...

-
-
dd
- -
-

dd [if=FILE] [of=FILE] [bs=N] [count=N] [skip=N] -
[seek=N]

-
-
df
- -
-

df [-Pkmhai] [-B SIZE] [FILESYSTEM]...

-
-
dirname
- -
-

dirname FILENAME

-
-
dmesg
- -
-

dmesg [-c] [-n LEVEL] [-s SIZE]

-
-
du
- -
-

du [-aHLdclsxhmk] [FILE]...

-
-
echo
- -
-

echo [-neE] [ARG]...

-
-
env
- -
-

env [-iu] [-] [name=value]... [PROG ARGS]

-
-
expr
- -
-

expr EXPRESSION

-
-
false
- -
-

false

-
-
find
- -
-

find [PATH]... [OPTIONS] [ACTIONS]

-
-
free
- -
-

free

-
-
ftpget
- -
-

ftpget [OPTIONS] HOST [LOCAL_FILE] REMOTE_FILE

-
-
ftpput
- -
-

ftpput [OPTIONS] HOST [REMOTE_FILE] LOCAL_FILE

-
-
getopt
- -
-

getopt [OPTIONS]

-
-
grep
- -
-

grep [-HhnlLoqvsriwFE] [-m N] [-A/B/C N] PATTERN/-e PATTERN.../-f FILE [FILE]...

-
-
gunzip
- -
-

gunzip [-cft] [FILE]...

-
-
gzip
- -
-

gzip [-cfd] [FILE]...

-
-
halt
- -
-

halt [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f]

-
-
hdparm
- -
-

hdparm [OPTIONS] [DEVICE]

-
-
head
- -
-

head [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

-
-
hexdump
- -
-

hexdump [-bcCdefnosvx] [FILE]...

-
-
hostname
- -
-

hostname [OPTIONS] [HOSTNAME | -F FILE]

-
-
id
- -
-

id [OPTIONS] [USER]

-
-
ifconfig
- -
-

ifconfig [-a] interface [address]

-
-
ifdown
- -
-

ifdown [-anvf] [-i FILE] IFACE...

-
-
ifup
- -
-

ifup [-anvf] [-i FILE] IFACE...

-
-
insmod
- -
-

insmod [OPTIONS] MODULE [SYMBOL=VALUE]...

-
-
install
- -
-

install [-cdDsp] [-o USER] [-g GRP] [-m MODE] [SOURCE]... DEST

-
-
kill
- -
-

kill [-l] [-SIG] PID...

-
-
killall
- -
-

killall [-l] [-q] [-SIG] PROCESS_NAME...

-
-
klogd
- -
-

klogd [-c N] [-n]

-
-
less
- -
-

less [-EMNmh~I?] [FILE]...

-
-
ln
- -
-

ln [OPTIONS] TARGET... LINK|DIR

-
-
logger
- -
-

logger [OPTIONS] [MESSAGE]

-
-
login
- -
-

login [-p] [-h HOST] [[-f] USER]

-
-
logread
- -
-

logread [-f]

-
-
ls
- -
-

ls [-1AaCxdLHRFplinsehrSXvctu] [-w WIDTH] [FILE]...

-
-
lsmod
- -
-

lsmod

-
-
md5sum
- -
-

md5sum [FILE]...

-
-
mesg
- -
-

mesg [y|n]

-
-
mkdir
- -
-

mkdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY...

-
-
mke2fs
- -
-

mke2fs [-Fn] [-b BLK_SIZE] [-i INODE_RATIO] [-I INODE_SIZE] [-m RESERVED_PERCENT] [-L LABEL] BLOCKDEV [KBYTES]

-
-
mkfifo
- -
-

mkfifo [-m MODE] NAME

-
-
mkfs.ext2
- -
-

mkfs.ext2 [-Fn] [-b BLK_SIZE] [-i INODE_RATIO] [-I INODE_SIZE] [-m RESERVED_PERCENT] [-L LABEL] BLOCKDEV [KBYTES]

-
-
more
- -
-

more [FILE]...

-
-
mount
- -
-

mount [OPTIONS] [-o OPTS] DEVICE NODE

-
-
mv
- -
-

mv [-fin] SOURCE DEST -or: mv [-fin] SOURCE... DIRECTORY

-
-
nameif
- -
-

nameif [-s] [-c FILE] [IFNAME HWADDR]...

-
-
nc
- -
-

nc [-iN] [-wN] [-l] [-p PORT] [-f FILE|IPADDR PORT] [-e PROG]

-
-
netstat
- -
-

netstat [-ral] [-tuwx] [-en]

-
-
nohup
- -
-

nohup PROG ARGS

-
-
nslookup
- -
-

nslookup [HOST] [SERVER]

-
-
pidof
- -
-

pidof [OPTIONS] [NAME]...

-
-
ping
- -
-

ping [OPTIONS] HOST

-
-
ping6
- -
-

ping6 [OPTIONS] HOST

-
-
pivot_root
- -
-

pivot_root NEW_ROOT PUT_OLD

-
-
poweroff
- -
-

poweroff [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f]

-
-
printf
- -
-

printf FORMAT [ARGUMENT]...

-
-
ps
- -
-

ps

-
-
pwd
- -
-

pwd

-
-
reboot
- -
-

reboot [-d DELAY] [-n] [-f]

-
-
reset
- -
-

reset

-
-
rm
- -
-

rm [-irf] FILE...

-
-
rmdir
- -
-

rmdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY...

-
-
rmmod
- -
-

rmmod [-wfa] [MODULE]...

-
-
route
- -
-

route [{add|del|delete}]

-
-
run-parts
- -
-

run-parts [-t] [-a ARG] [-u MASK] DIRECTORY

-
-
rx
- -
-

rx FILE

-
-
sed
- -
-

sed [-efinr] SED_CMD [FILE]...

-
-
sendmail
- -
-

sendmail [OPTIONS] [RECIPIENT_EMAIL]...

-
-
sh
- -
-

sh [-/+OPTIONS] [-/+o OPT]... [-c 'SCRIPT' [ARG0 [ARGS]] / FILE [ARGS]]

-
-
sleep
- -
-

sleep [N]...

-
-
sort
- -
-

sort [-nrugMcszbdfimSTokt] [-o FILE] [-k start[.offset][opts][,end[.offset][opts]] [-t CHAR] [FILE]...

-
-
strings
- -
-

strings [-afo] [-n LEN] [FILE]...

-
-
stty
- -
-

stty [-a|g] [-F DEVICE] [SETTING]...

-
-
sync
- -
-

sync

-
-
syslogd
- -
-

syslogd [OPTIONS]

-
-
tail
- -
-

tail [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

-
-
tar
- -
-

tar -[cxtzhvO] [-f TARFILE] [-C DIR] [FILE]...

-
-
tee
- -
-

tee [-ai] [FILE]...

-
-
telnet
- -
-

telnet [-a] [-l USER] HOST [PORT]

-
-
telnetd
- -
-

telnetd [OPTIONS]

-
-
test
- -
-

test EXPRESSION ]

-
-
time
- -
-

time [-v] PROG ARGS

-
-
top
- -
-

top [-b] [-nCOUNT] [-dSECONDS] [-m]

-
-
touch
- -
-

touch [-c] FILE [FILE]...

-
-
tr
- -
-

tr [-cds] STRING1 [STRING2]

-
-
traceroute
- -
-

traceroute [-46FIldnrv] [-f 1ST_TTL] [-m MAXTTL] [-p PORT] [-q PROBES] -
[-s SRC_IP] [-t TOS] [-w WAIT_SEC] [-g GATEWAY] [-i IFACE] -
[-z PAUSE_MSEC] HOST [BYTES]

-
-
traceroute6
- -
-

traceroute6 [-dnrv] [-m MAXTTL] [-p PORT] [-q PROBES] -
[-s SRC_IP] [-t TOS] [-w WAIT_SEC] [-i IFACE] -
HOST [BYTES]

-
-
true
- -
-

true

-
-
tty
- -
-

tty

-
-
umount
- -
-

umount [OPTIONS] FILESYSTEM|DIRECTORY

-
-
uname
- -
-

uname [-amnrspv]

-
-
uniq
- -
-

uniq [-cdu][-f,s,w N] [INPUT [OUTPUT]]

-
-
uptime
- -
-

uptime

-
-
usleep
- -
-

usleep N

-
-
uudecode
- -
-

uudecode [-o OUTFILE] [INFILE]

-
-
uuencode
- -
-

uuencode [-m] [INFILE] STORED_FILENAME

-
-
vconfig
- -
-

vconfig COMMAND [OPTIONS]

-
-
vi
- -
-

vi [OPTIONS] [FILE]...

-
-
watch
- -
-

watch [-n SEC] [-t] PROG ARGS

-
-
wc
- -
-

wc [-clwL] [FILE]...

-
-
wget
- -
-

wget [-csq] [-O FILE] [-Y on/off] [-P DIR] [-U AGENT] URL...

-
-
which
- -
-

which [COMMAND]...

-
-
whoami
- -
-

whoami

-
-
xargs
- -
-

xargs [OPTIONS] [PROG ARGS]

-
-
yes
- -
-

yes [STRING]

-
-
zcat
- -
-

zcat FILE

-
-
-

-

-
-

LIBC NSS

-

GNU Libc (glibc) uses the Name Service Switch (NSS) to configure the behavior -of the C library for the local environment, and to configure how it reads -system data, such as passwords and group information. This is implemented -using an /etc/nsswitch.conf configuration file, and using one or more of the -/lib/libnss_* libraries. BusyBox tries to avoid using any libc calls that make -use of NSS. Some applets however, such as login and su, will use libc functions -that require NSS.

-

If you enable CONFIG_USE_BB_PWD_GRP, BusyBox will use internal functions to -directly access the /etc/passwd, /etc/group, and /etc/shadow files without -using NSS. This may allow you to run your system without the need for -installing any of the NSS configuration files and libraries.

-

When used with glibc, the BusyBox 'networking' applets will similarly require -that you install at least some of the glibc NSS stuff (in particular, -/etc/nsswitch.conf, /lib/libnss_dns*, /lib/libnss_files*, and /lib/libresolv*).

-

Shameless Plug: As an alternative, one could use a C library such as uClibc. In -addition to making your system significantly smaller, uClibc does not require the -use of any NSS support files or libraries.

-

-

-
-

MAINTAINER

-

Denis Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>

-

-

-
-

AUTHORS

-

The following people have contributed code to BusyBox whether they know it or -not. If you have written code included in BusyBox, you should probably be -listed here so you can obtain your bit of eternal glory. If you should be -listed here, or the description of what you have done needs more detail, or is -incorrect, please send in an update.

-

Emanuele Aina <emanuele.aina@tiscali.it> - run-parts

-

Erik Andersen <andersen@codepoet.org>

-
-    Tons of new stuff, major rewrite of most of the
-    core apps, tons of new apps as noted in header files.
-    Lots of tedious effort writing these boring docs that
-    nobody is going to actually read.
-

Laurence Anderson <l.d.anderson@warwick.ac.uk>

-
-    rpm2cpio, unzip, get_header_cpio, read_gz interface, rpm
-

Jeff Angielski <jeff@theptrgroup.com>

-
-    ftpput, ftpget
-

Edward Betts <edward@debian.org>

-
-    expr, hostid, logname, whoami
-

John Beppu <beppu@codepoet.org>

-
-    du, nslookup, sort
-

Brian Candler <B.Candler@pobox.com>

-
-    tiny-ls(ls)
-

Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org>

-
-    fbset, ping, hostname
-

Dave Cinege <dcinege@psychosis.com>

-
-    more(v2), makedevs, dutmp, modularization, auto links file,
-    various fixes, Linux Router Project maintenance
-

Jordan Crouse <jordan@cosmicpenguin.net>

-
-    ipcalc
-

Magnus Damm <damm@opensource.se>

-
-    tftp client insmod powerpc support
-

Larry Doolittle <ldoolitt@recycle.lbl.gov>

-
-    pristine source directory compilation, lots of patches and fixes.
-

Glenn Engel <glenne@engel.org>

-
-    httpd
-

Gennady Feldman <gfeldman@gena01.com>

-
-    Sysklogd (single threaded syslogd, IPC Circular buffer support,
-    logread), various fixes.
-

Karl M. Hegbloom <karlheg@debian.org>

-
-    cp_mv.c, the test suite, various fixes to utility.c, &c.
-

Daniel Jacobowitz <dan@debian.org>

-
-    mktemp.c
-

Matt Kraai <kraai@alumni.cmu.edu>

-
-    documentation, bugfixes, test suite
-

Stephan Linz <linz@li-pro.net>

-
-    ipcalc, Red Hat equivalence
-

John Lombardo <john@deltanet.com>

-
-    tr
-

Glenn McGrath <bug1@iinet.net.au>

-
-    Common unarchiving code and unarchiving applets, ifupdown, ftpgetput,
-    nameif, sed, patch, fold, install, uudecode.
-    Various bugfixes, review and apply numerous patches.
-

Manuel Novoa III <mjn3@codepoet.org>

-
-    cat, head, mkfifo, mknod, rmdir, sleep, tee, tty, uniq, usleep, wc, yes,
-    mesg, vconfig, make_directory, parse_mode, dirname, mode_string,
-    get_last_path_component, simplify_path, and a number trivial libbb routines
-
-    also bug fixes, partial rewrites, and size optimizations in
-    ash, basename, cal, cmp, cp, df, du, echo, env, ln, logname, md5sum, mkdir,
-    mv, realpath, rm, sort, tail, touch, uname, watch, arith, human_readable,
-    interface, dutmp, ifconfig, route
-

Vladimir Oleynik <dzo@simtreas.ru>

-
-    cmdedit; xargs(current), httpd(current);
-    ports: ash, crond, fdisk, inetd, stty, traceroute, top;
-    locale, various fixes
-    and irreconcilable critic of everything not perfect.
-

Bruce Perens <bruce@pixar.com>

-
-    Original author of BusyBox in 1995, 1996. Some of his code can
-    still be found hiding here and there...
-

Tim Riker <Tim@Rikers.org>

-
-    bug fixes, member of fan club
-

Kent Robotti <robotti@metconnect.com>

-
-    reset, tons and tons of bug reports and patches.
-

Chip Rosenthal <chip@unicom.com>, <crosenth@covad.com>

-
-    wget - Contributed by permission of Covad Communications
-

Pavel Roskin <proski@gnu.org>

-
-    Lots of bugs fixes and patches.
-

Gyepi Sam <gyepi@praxis-sw.com>

-
-    Remote logging feature for syslogd
-

Linus Torvalds <torvalds@transmeta.com>

-
-    mkswap, fsck.minix, mkfs.minix
-

Mark Whitley <markw@codepoet.org>

-
-    grep, sed, cut, xargs(previous),
-    style-guide, new-applet-HOWTO, bug fixes, etc.
-

Charles P. Wright <cpwright@villagenet.com>

-
-    gzip, mini-netcat(nc)
-

Enrique Zanardi <ezanardi@ull.es>

-
-    tarcat (since removed), loadkmap, various fixes, Debian maintenance
-

Tito Ragusa <farmatito@tiscali.it>

-
-    devfsd and size optimizations in strings, openvt and deallocvt.
-

Paul Fox <pgf@foxharp.boston.ma.us>

-
-    vi editing mode for ash, various other patches/fixes
-

Roberto A. Foglietta <me@roberto.foglietta.name>

-
-    port: dnsd
-

Bernhard Reutner-Fischer <rep.dot.nop@gmail.com>

-
-    misc
-

Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>

-
-    initial e2fsprogs, printenv, setarch, sum, misc
-

Jie Zhang <jie.zhang@analog.com>

-
-    fixed two bugs in msh and hush (exitcode of killed processes)
- - - -